Te whakamahi i ngā totohu ākiroa kōkiri mō te mahi huarahi he mea nui pūmau.

Ko ngā kōpiko kōpiko, he mea nui mō ngā wāwā ki raro i ngā huarahi me ngā rereiria, kei a rātou he hoahoa paerewa e āki ai te whanaketanga whaihua, te whanaketanga tūmatanui me te tere o te wā whanake. Ka taea te wāhi ki te tāone te mahi tāpiri tāpiri, te whakamāmā i te roa o te hanga, i te wa e heke i te whakamātau ki ngā taputapu hanga tūmatanui, nō reira ka whakakea ake i te aronukurangi. I tua atu, ka taea e ēnei kōpiko te noho pērā i te whenua whenua me te whakawhitinga i te kaha, te heke i ngā raru e hāngai ana ki te noho pērā, me te tiaki i ngā hanganga kōpiko taumaha kia kaua ngā tūraru—ka tākarotia ki ngā wā tino makariri.

Ko ngā kōpiko hiko huihui kei te ētahi āhua: te whare wānanga, te pōro, me te kapa. Ko ia wāhanga e mahi ana i ngā here inihua r engineering.

Ko ngā rangahau e whakaatu ana ko ngā kōpua mātātoko e taea ana e te rongoā tika te whiwhi i te ora o te ratonga e 100 tau atu anō rānei, na te whakamahi i te galvanization me te rongoā ake taro motuhake. Ko te hanganga e whakamahi ana i te papa kōrau Q235-A hotoke, e kuhu ana i ngā paparorohiko kōrau maha ki tētahi wāhanga kotahi, kātahi ka hono tōraro me te whai āhua. Ko ngā pito kaha teitei (M 208.8) me ngā washera pōro (HRC35) e whakapumau i ngā hononga, i te wa e whakawera ana te mata kōrau galvanized e taea ai te whakauru. Ko te turanga o ia culvert he paparanga kōkako 50-100 cm ki te 95% te whakakaha, me te whakamahi i te M7.5 mortar masonry mō te whakakī i ngā kōpua. Ko te āhuatanga o te rere o te wai ki roto i te culvert e 5% te nuinga o te wā. Kaua ko ngā āhua matua anake, ko ngā culvert he āhua hōhō me te āhua tāwhai hoki, ā, ko ngā tāmata tātā e whirinakitia ana mō te hoahoa ina huri mai ana.

Ko te rohe whakamahinga e kāpia ana i ngā āhuatanga maha:
- Ngā Kaupapa Hui Tere
- Ngā Ara Maunga Hara
- Ngā Whakawhitinga Waka-Tāngata
- Nui te Whakakī i ngā Rohe Maunga
- Ngā Kōpae Takuiri me ngā Kaupeka Rite
- Ngā Kaupeka Iti hei Whakauru Ai i ngā Kararehe
- Ngā Ara Kaha me ngā Ara Marae
- Te Waihanga Huarākau
- Ngā Tūāpapa Pāpaku Rawa
- Ngā Kōpae Takuiri Rua me te Iti
- Ngā Whare Kōhanga KāingA
- Ngā Kaupeka Teitei i runga i te Hāpua Hāpene me te Iti no te Kaha e Tū Ai
- Ngā Whakautu Tāpiri hei Whakakapi i ngā Tātarā Iti
- Ngā Kaupeka Teitei i runga i te Hāpua Hāpene me te Iti no te Kaha e Tū Ai